ASTM D1480 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pycnometer
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes two procedures for the measurement of the density of materials which are fluid at the desired test temperature. Its application is restricted to liquids of vapor pressures below 600 mm Hg (80 kPa) and viscosities below 40 000 cSt (mm2/s) at the test temperature. The method is designed for use at any temperature between 20 and 100°C. It can be used at higher temperatures; however, in this case the precision section does not apply.

NOTE 1 - For the determination of density of materials which are fluid at normal temperatures, see Test Method D941 or where greater precision is desired see Test Method D1217.

1.2 This test method provides a calculation procedure for converting density to specific gravity.

1.3 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Note 1, Note 2, and Note 3.

2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer
D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers

3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 density - the weight in a vacuum (that is, the mass) of a unit volume of the material at any given temperature.

3.1.2 relative density (specific gravity) - the ratio of the mass (weight in a vacuum) of a given volume of material at a temperature, t1, to the mass of an equal volume of water at a reference temperature, t2; or it is the ratio of the density of the material at t1 to the density of water at t2. When the reference temperature is 4°C (the temperature at which the relative density of water is unity), relative density (specific gravity) and density are numerically equal.