ASTM D240 for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter
6. Apparatus
6.1 Test Room, Bomb, Calorimeter, Jacket, Thermometers, and Accessories, as described in Annex A1.
7. Reagents
7.1 Benzoic Acid, Standard - Benzoic acid powder must be compressed into a tablet or pellet before weighing. Benzoic acid pellets for which the heat of combustion has been determined by comparison with the National Bureau of Standards sample are obtainable commercially for those laboratories not equipped to pellet benzoic acid.
7.2 Gelatin Capsules.
7.3 Methyl Orange or Methyl Red Indicator.
7.4 Mineral Oil.
7.5 Oxygen - Commerical oxygen produced from liquid air can be used without purification. If purification is necessary, see A1.11 (Warning - Oxygen vigorously accelerates combustion. See A3.2.).
7.6 Pressure-Sensitive Tape - Cellophane tape 38 mm (1 1/2 in.) wide, free of chlorine and sulfur.
7.7 Alkali, Standard Solution:
7.7.1 Sodium Hydroxide Solution (0.0866 mol/L) - Dissolve 3.5 g of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water and dilute to 1 L. Standardize with potassium acid phthalate and adjust to 0.0866 mol/L as described in Practice E 200 (Warning - Corrosive. Can cause severe burns or blindness. Evolution of heat produces a violent reaction or eruption upon too rapid mixture with water. See Annex A3.1.)
7.7.2 Sodium Carbonate Solution (0.03625 mol/L) - Dissolve 3.84 g of Na2CO3 in water and dilute to 1 L. Standardize with potassium acid phthalate and adjust to 0.03625 mol/L as described in Practice E 200.
7.8 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (isooctane), Standard - (Warning - Extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Vapors may cause flash fire. See Annex A3.3.)
