ASTM D396 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
4. General Requirements
4.1 The grades of fuel oil specified herein shall be homogeneous hydrocarbon based oils, free from inorganic acid, and free from excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter.
4.2 All grades containing residual components shall remain uniform in normal storage and not separate by gravity into light and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the grade.
4.3 Fuels Blended with Biodiesel - The detailed requirements for fuels blended with biodiesel shall be as follows:
4.3.1 Biodiesel for Blending - If biodiesel is a component of any fuel oil, the biodiesel shall meet the requirements of Specification D6751.
4.3.2 Fuel oil containing up to 5 vol% biodiesel shall meet the requirements for the appropriate grade No. 1 or No. 2 fuel as listed in Table 1.
4.3.3 Test Method EN 14078 shall be used for determination of the vol% biodiesel in a biodiesel blend.
4.3.4 Fuel oils containing more than 5 vol% biodiesel component are not included in this specification.
4.3.5 Biodiesel blends with Grades 4, 5, or 6 are not covered by this specification.
5. Detailed Requirements
5.1 The various grades of fuel oil shall conform to the limiting requirements shown in Table 1. A representative sample shall be taken for testing in accordance with Practice D4057.
5.2 Modifications of limiting requirements to meet special operating conditions agreed upon between the purchaser, the seller, and the supplier shall fall within limits specified for each grade, except as stated in supplementary footnotes for Table 1.
