ASTM D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
waste oil, n - in petroleum technology, oil having characteristics making it unsuitable either for further use or for economic recycling.
water accommodated fraction (WAF), n - the predominately aqueous portion of a mixture of water and a poorly water-soluble material which separates in a specified period of time after the mixture has undergone a specified degree of mixing and includes water, dissolved components, and dispersed droplets of the poorly water soluble material.
DISCUSSION - The chemical composition of the WAF depends on the ratio of poorly soluble material to water in the original mixture as well as the details of the mixing procedure.
water soluble fraction (WSF), n - the filtrate or centrifugate of the water accommodated fraction which includes all parts of the WAF, except the dispersed droplets of the poorly soluble material.
wax blocking point, n - the lowest temperature at which film disruption occurs across 50 % of the waxed paper surface when the test strips are separated.
wax loading, n - the weight of wax present primarily as a surface film but including the minor part embedded in the surface fibers of corrugated board. It is expressed as weight per unit area, usually in grams per square metre or pounds per thousand square feet of board.
wax picking point, n - the temperature at which the first film disruption occurs on the waxed paper when test strips are separated.
WDK, n - weighted demerits (1K)
WDN, n - weighted demerits (1N)
weak surfactants, n - in petroleum fuels, surface active materials that do not adversely affect the performance of filter separator elements in actual service.
DISCUSSION - Weak surfactants are typically certain types of additives used in fuels.
wear, n - damage to a solid surface, generally involving progressive loss of material, due to relative motion between that surface and a contacting substance or substances.
wear, n - the loss of material from, or relocation of material on, a surface.
DISCUSSION - Wear generally occurs between two surfaces moving relative to each other, and is the result of mechanical or chemical action or a combination of mechanical and chemical actions.
wear, n - the loss of material from two or more surfaces in relative motion.
wear, n - the removal of metal from a rubbing surface by mechanical action, or by a combination of mechanical and chemical actions.
wear, n - the loss of material from a surface, generally occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, and resulting from mechanical or chemical action or a combination of both.
wear, n - on ring and pinion gears, the removal of metal, without evidence of surface fatigue or adhesive wear, resulting in partial or complete elimination of tool or grinding marks or development of a discernible shoulder ridge at the bottom of the contact area near the root or at the toe or heel end of pinion tooth contact area (abrasive wear).
wear rate, n - the rate of material removal or dimensional change due to wear per unit of exposure parameter; for example, quantity of material removed (mass, volume, thickness) in unit distance of sliding or unit time.
weight of applied coating wax, n - the weight of applied coating per unit area of board, usually grams per square metre or pounds per thousand square feet of board covered.
weight of wax coating, n - the weight of wax present as a surface film on corrugated paperboard, expressed as weight per unit area, usually grams per square metre or pounds of coating per thousand feet of board covered.
DISCUSSION - This definition excludes any portion of wax that is located below the surface, that may have been permitted to soak into the fibrous paperboard structure.
weight percent impregnating wax, n - the weight percent of wax in the facing relative to the weight of unwaxed facing measured at 23°C (73°F) and 50 % relative humidity.
weld point - under the conditions of this test, the lowest applied load in kilograms at which the rotating ball welds to the three stationary balls, indicating the extreme-pressure level of the lubricants-force (or newtons) has been exceeded.
DISCUSSION - Some lubricants do not allow true welding, and extreme scoring of the three stationary balls results. In such cases, the applied load which produces a maximum scar diameter of 4 mm is reported as the weld point.
weld point, n - the lowest applied load at which sliding surfaces seize and then weld.
DISCUSSION - Under the conditions of this test, the lowest applied load in kilograms-force (or newtons) at which the rotating ball seizes and then welds to the three stationary balls, indicating the extreme-pressure level of the lubricating grease has been exceeded. See Fig. 1, Point D.
DISCUSSION - Some lubricating greases do not allow true welding, and extreme scoring of the three stationary balls results. In such cases, the applied load which produces a maximum scar diameter of 4 mm is reported as the weld point.
wet shear stability, n - of lubricating grease, change in consistency of a mixture of sample and small amount of water after a specified amount of working in a grease worker or a roll stability test apparatus.
wettage, n - see static hold-up or wettage.
with grain, n - the direction in a body with preferred orientation due to forming stresses that has the maximum a-axis alignment as measured in an X-ray diffraction test.
worked penetration, n - of lubricating grease, the penetration at 25°C (77°F), without delay, of a sample after 60 double strokes in a standard grease worker.
working, n - of lubricating grease, the subjection of a sample to the shearing action of the standard grease worker.
working direction, n - in manufactured carbon and graphite product technology, direction of applied force used in forming a solid body; generally the direction of applied molding pressure for a uniaxially molded material and the extrusion direction for an extruded material.
wppm, abbr. - an abbreviation for part per million by weight.
WSF - in aquatic toxicity testing, abbreviation for water soluble fraction.
