ASTM D471 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property - Effect of Liquids
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 This test method provides procedures for exposing test specimens to the influence of liquids under definite conditions of temperature and time. The resulting deterioration is determined by measuring the changes in physical properties, such as stress/strain properties, hardness, and changes in mass, volume, and dimension, before and after immersion in the test liquid.
3.2 The precision statement in Section 19 is based on an interlaboratory test program run in 1981, using six different rubbers with ASTM Reference Fuels B, C, D10 and ASTM Oils No.1 and No.3.
3.3 The precision statement in Appendix X2 is based on an interlaboratory test program conducted in 1993 to establish replacements for ASTM Oils No.2 and No.3. Because of the limited number of participating laboratories, only repeatability could be evaluated, and it was necessary to use pooled values of four No.2 type oils (No.2 plus three candidate replacement oils) and four No.3 type oils (No.3 plus three candidate replacement oils). Twelve rubbers were tested in this program.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Certain rubber articles, for example, seals, gaskets, hoses, diaphragms, and sleeves, may be exposed to oils, greases, fuels, and other fluids during service. The exposure may be continuous or intermittent and may occur over wide temperature ranges.
4.2 Properties of rubber articles deteriorate during exposure to these liquids, affecting the performance of the rubber part, which can result in partial failure.
4.3 This test method attempts to simulate service conditions through controlled accelerated testing, but may not give any direct correlation with actual part performance, since service conditions vary too widely. It yields comparative data on which to base judgment as to expected service quality.
4.4 This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee purposes, and research and development work.
