10.1 Record Measurements at 5-min Intervals - Report the following information:
(1) Type of water used.
(2) Test temperature.
(3) Time, in minutes, to reach 3 mL or less of emulsion.
(4) Time, in minutes, to reach 37 mL of water.
(5) Time, in minutes, to reach a complete break of 0 mL emulsion, 40 mL of oil, and 40 mL of water.
10.1.1 In addition to reporting the time, report the volume of each layer in millilitres. In all cases, report results as follows:
mL oil – mL water – mL emulsion (time, min)
The test may be aborted after 30 min when testing at 54°C and 60 min at 82°C.
10.1.2 When the test method is performed to determine if the sample meets a specification, report the test temperature.
Report the time when either:
(1) The product passes the product separability requirements against which it is being tested, or
(2) The test limit for water separability is exceeded (usually 3–mL emulsion or less for 30 min at 54°C and 60 min at 82°C). In addition to reporting the time, report the volume of each layer in millilitres. In both cases, report results as follows:
mL oil – mL water – mL emulsion (time, min)
10.1.3 Some samples may produce a hazy oil layer without an emulsion layer. In situations where the water layer is >=37 mL, report the upper layer as the oil layer. If there are two layers, and the water layer is <37 mL, that is, the upper layer is >43 mL, report the upper layer as the emulsion layer.
10.2 For uniformity, test results may be reported in the manner shown in the examples provided in 10.1.
10.3 The appearance of each layer may be described in the
following terms:
10.3.1 Oil (or Oil Rich) Layer:
10.3.1.1 Clear.
10.3.1.2 Hazy (Note 2).
10.3.1.3 Cloudy (or milky) (Note 2).
10.3.1.4 Combinations of 10.3.1.1-10.3.1.3.
10.3.2 Water or Water-Rich Layer:
10.3.2.1 Clear.
10.3.2.2 Lacy or bubbles present, or both.
10.3.2.3 Hazy (Note 2).
10.3.2.4 Cloudy (or milky) (Note 2).
10.3.2.5 Combinations of 10.3.2.1-10.3.2.4.
10.3.3 Emulsion:
10.3.3.1 Loose and lacy.
10.3.3.2 Cloudy (or milky) (Note 3).
10.3.3.3 Creamy (like mayonnaise) (Note 3).
10.3.3.4 Combinations of 10.3.3.1-10.3.3.3.
NOTE 2 - A hazy layer is defined as being translucent and a cloudy layer opaque.
NOTE 3 - The principal difference between cloudy and creamy emulsions is that the former is quite fluid and probably unstable while the latter has a thick consistency and is probably stable. A cloudy emulsion will readily flow from an inclined graduate while a creamy emulsion will not.
10.4 The appearance of the oil/emulsion and water/emulsion interfaces may be described in the following terms:
10.4.1 Well-defined, sharp.
10.4.2 Ill-defined, bubbles.
10.4.3 Ill-defined, lace.
10.5 Report the test temperature if other than 54°C and the aqueous medium if other than distilled water.