ASTM D6987 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-10 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine
9. Procedure
9.1 Pretest Procedure:
9.1.1 Initial Oil Fill for Pretest Break-In:
9.1.1.1 The initial oil fill is 32.7 kg [72.0 lb] of test oil: 16.4 kg [36.0 lb] for the pan, 3.3 kg [7.2 lb] for the filters, 1.6 kg [3.6 lb] for the engine oil cooler, and 11.4 kg [25.2 lb] for the auxiliary oil reservoir and lines. Add the first 3.3 kg [7.2 lb] of fresh test oil to the oil filters (halfin each filter), then turn on the auxiliary oil pumps and add an additional 29.4 kg [64.8 78lb] of test oil to the engine. This oil may be added directly through the engine oil fill tube.

9.1.2 Pretest Break-In:
9.1.2.1 Run the break-in sequence described in Annex A6.

9.1.2.2 Drain the oil within 1 h after the break-in is completed. Replace all oil filters. Refill the engine with test oil and conduct the test in accordance with 9.4. When performing the pre-test oil charge, do not account for any hang up oil left in the oil system.

9.2 Engine Start-Up:
9.2.1 Perform all engine start-ups in accordance with Annex A6. Start-ups are not included as test time. Test time starts as soon as the engine returns to the test cycle. The start date and time of a test is defined as when the engine first reaches test conditions as shown in Table 2. (Warning - Crank the engine prior to start-up to fill the engine oil passages. This practice will enhance engine durability significantly.)

9.3 Engine Shutdown:
9.3.1 Perform all non-emergency shutdowns in accordance with Annex A6. The shutdown operation does not count as test time. Record the length and reason of each shutdown on the appropriate form.

9.3.2 All operationally valid tests should not exceed 10 shutdowns. Additionally, all operationally valid tests should not exceed 150 h of downtime. Conduct an engineering review if either condition is exceeded.

9.4 Test Cycle:
9.4.1 The test cycle includes a 1 h break-in followed by a 300 h test. Operating conditions are shown in Table 2. Conduct the break-in by operating at Phase II conditions for 30 min, followed by Phase I conditions for 30 min. Conduct the test by operating for 75 h at Phase I conditions, followed by 225 h at Phase II conditions. Conduct the transition from Phase I to Phase II in accordance with Annex A6.
9.4.1.1 Based upon oil analysis, injection timing may be changed within the first 75 h of the test (Phase I) to ensure meeting the 75 h soot window of 5.0 % +/- 0.3 % (see 11.7).

9.4.2 Operational Validity:
9.4.2.1 Determine operational validity in accordance with Annex A3.

9.5 Oil Samples:
9.5.1 Take 120 mL [4-oz] oil samples at every 25 h interval except the 75 h sample. At 75 h, take a 240 mL [8-oz] sample. Take the EOT oil sample within 30 min of test completion. Obtain oil samples through a drain petcock located in the oilrig return line (oil pan return pump); see Fig.A1.1. Always take oil samples before new oil is added.

9.6 Oil Addition/Drain:
9.6.1 Initially establish the full mark as the oil weight after 1 h of running at Phase II test conditions, but do not add any new oil until test hour 100 (25 h into Phase II). At 100 h test and each 50 h period thereafter, perform a forced drain. Drain a sufficient amount of oil to obtain an oil mass, which is 2.27 kg [5.0 lb] below the full mark, and add 2.27 kg [5.0 lb] of new oil to the engine. After a shutdown, use the drain level of the previous period to determine the forced drain quantity. For any period, if the oil mass is already more than 2.27 kg [5.0 lb] below the full mark, do not perform a forced drain.

9.6.2 Ifthe auxiliary oil sump goes dry after 250 h, continue running the test to 300 h. Do not take a 275 h oil sample. Take the EOT oil sample from the engine sump within 30 min of test completion.

9.6.3 If the auxiliary oil sump goes dry at or before 250 h, declare the test non-interpretable.

9.7 Oil MassMeasurements:
9.7.1 Record the oil mass every 6 min and compute the oil consumption (see 10.5) from these readings.

9.8 Fuel Samples:
9.8.1 Take two 1 L [1-qt] fuel samples prior to the start of test and at EOT.

9.9 Periodic Measurements:
9.9.1 Make measurements at 6 min intervals on the parameters listed in 9.9.2 and record statistics on the appropriate form. Automatic data acquisition is required. Recorded values shall have minimum resolution as shown in Table 3. Characterize the procedure used to calculate the data averages on the appropriate form.

9.9.2 Parameters:
9.9.2.1 Speed, r/min,

9.9.2.2 Torque, N·m [lbf·ft],

9.9.2.3 Oil gallery temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.4 Oil sump temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.5 Coolant out temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.6 Coolant in temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.7 Intake air temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.8 Intake manifold temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.9 Intake manifold pressure, kPa [in. Hg],

9.9.2.10 Fuel flow, s/kg or kg/h [s/lb or lb/h],

9.9.2.11 Fuel inlet temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.12 Tailpipe exhaust back pressure, kPa [in. H2O],

9.9.2.13 Before filter oil pressure, kPa [psi],

9.9.2.14 Main gallery oil pressure, kPa [psi],

9.9.2.15 Crankcase pressure, kPa [in. H2O],

9.9.2.16 Pre-turbine exhaust temperature, front manifold, °C [°F],

9.9.2.17 Pre-turbine exhaust temperature, rear manifold, °C [°F],

9.9.2.18 Inlet air restriction, kPa [in. H2O],

9.9.2.19 Tailpipe exhaust temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.20 Crankcase blowby, L/min [ft3/min] (see 9.10),

9.9.2.21 Pre-turbine exhaust pressure, front manifold, kPa [in. Hg],

9.9.2.22 Pre-turbine exhaust pressure, rear manifold, kPa [in. Hg],

9.9.2.23 Inlet air humidity, g/kg [grains/lb],

9.9.2.24 Tailpipe oxygen level, %,

9.9.2.25 EGR cooler outlet temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.26 EGR pre-venturi temperature, °C [°F],

9.9.2.27 Inlet air dew point, °C [°F], and

9.9.2.28 Oil weight, kg [lbf].

9.10 Blowby:
9.10.1 Record the crankcase blowby on the appropriate form. Exercise care to prevent oil traps from occurring in the blowby line at any time during operation.

9.11 Centrifugal Oil Filter Mass Gain:
9.11.1 Prior to the start of test, determine the mass of the centrifugal oil filter canister. At EOT, remove the centrifugal oil filter canister from the engine and drain upside down for 30 min. After draining, determine the mass of the canister and record on the appropriate form. Determine the centrifugal oil filter mass gain for each test.

9.12 Oil Filter ΔP Calculation:
9.12.1 The reported oil filter ΔP is the maximum oil filter ΔP that occurs as a result of the test. Calculate the oil filter ΔP as follows:
ΔP = ΔPmax - ΔPinitial
where:
ΔP max = the maximum ΔP across the oil filter, and
ΔP initial = the ΔP across the oil filter at the start of test conditions.

If an oil filter change is made, add the oil filter ΔP value obtained after the filter change to the oil filter ΔP obtained prior to the filter change. Ifa shutdown occurs, add the oil filter ΔP value obtained after the shutdown to the oil filter ΔP obtained prior to the shutdown. Change the oil filter if the ΔP exceeds 138 kPa [20 psi]. Report oil filter ΔP on the appropriate form.