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Operating environment of Muffle Burner
The following operating environment information is helpful to you to safely operate the Muffle Burner:1. A dry, hard and flat surface(workbench);2. The Muffle burner shall be kept indoor with nice ventilation and avoided direct sunlight;3. Operating temperature: 50 degree Celsius --- 350 degree Celsius;4. ...
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Applications of Muffle Furnace
The applications of muffle furnace are as follows:1. Gravimetric analysis2. Sintering3. Quantitative analysis4. Heat treating5. Glass preparation
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What is viscosity?
Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or tensile stress. In everyday terms (for fluids only), viscosity is "thickness" or "internal friction". Thus, water is "thin", having a lower viscosity, while honey is "thick", having a higher viscosity. ...
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Standard test methods for water in transformer oil
GB/T 7600: Determination of water in transformer oil by Coulometric Karl Fischer titration.NB/SH/T 0207: Determination of water in insulating liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer titration.IEC 60814 Insulating liquids, oil-impregnated paper and presssboard: Determination of water by automatic Coulometric ...
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Homogenizer in Karl Fischer titration system
1. Used directly in the titration cell;2. Volumetric system only;3. Increases surface area and water extraction of the sample;4. Ideal for solid samples and viscous liquids, such as pharmaceutical tablets, foodstuffs, paints and oils.
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Types of Karl Fischer titration
There are 2 types of Karl Fischer titration: one is Volumetric, and the other is Coulometric.Although the endpoint of the reaction is marked by a persistence of the yellow color (iodine color), using the eyes is not very accurate. Both methods use bipotentiometric titration to measure the amount of iodine ...
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The Karl Fischer reaction
Karl Fischer titration iinvolves two reaction:In the first reaction, an alcohol (usually methanol or ethanol), sulfur dioxide and a base react to form an alkylsulfite intermediate.In the second reaction, the alkylsulfite reacts with iodine and the water from the sample.Because water and iodine are consumed ...
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How does Karl Fischer titration work?
Karl Fischer titration can be summarized into a series of steps:1. Add reagent (titrant) to a burette; (The reagents include alcohol, sulfur dioxide, a base and iodine)2. Add sample solvent to the titration vessel;3. Begin stirring the vessel;4. Zero the instrument by titrating unwanted moisture in the ...
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What is Karl Fischer titration?
1. Karl Fischer is an analytical technique used to measure the moisture content (water content) in solids, liquids or gases.2. Karl Fischer was a chemist working at a petrochemical company in Germany in the 1930's. He developed the technique.3. Titration is defined as "A technique to determine the concentration ...
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Origin of gases in transformer oil
Fault gases are caused by corona (partial discharge), thermal heating (pyrolysis) and arcing. Partial discharge is a fault of low level energy which usually occurs in gas-filled voids surrounded by oil impregnated material. The main cause of decomposition in partial discharges is ionic bombardment of ...
